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The excess of for a coalition is the quantity (); that is, the gain that players in coalition can obtain if they withdraw from the grand coalition under payoff and instead take the payoff (). The nucleolus of v {\displaystyle v} is the imputation for which the vector of excesses of all coalitions (a vector in R 2 N {\displaystyle \mathbb {R ...
The Second Rutte cabinet, a grand coalition cabinet which can also be described as a purple coalition, was composed of the VVD and the PvdA. A more traditional grand coalition cabinet was the Third Lubbers cabinet, comprising the Christian-democratic Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and the PvdA.
Sheplse's critique is that while "there appear to be forces in the coalition formation process that drive winning coalitions toward minimal size," [8] these forces are unable to keep the coalitions minimal. Sheplse argues that if "the usual assumptions about n-person zero-sum coalition processes are supplemented with assumptions about coalition ...
Consider a transferable utility cooperative game (,) where denotes the set of players and is the characteristic function.An imputation is dominated by another imputation if there exists a coalition , such that each player in weakly-prefers (for all ) and there exists that strictly-prefers (<), and can enforce by threatening to leave the grand coalition to form (()).
The core is, by definition, the set of all imputations in which the excess of each coalition is at least 0. Therefore, if the core is non-empty, the nucleolus is in the core. When the core is empty, it is natural to consider an approximation: the ε-core is the set of all imputations in which the excess of each coalition is at least -ε.
Power sharing is a practice in conflict resolution where multiple groups distribute political, military, or economic power among themselves according to agreed rules. [1] It can refer to any formal framework or informal pact that regulates the distribution of power between divided communities. [2]
In Germany, every administration has been a multiparty coalition since the conclusion of the Second World War – an example of coalition government creation in a parliamentary system. When different winning coalitions can be formed in a parliament, the party composition of the government may depend on the bargaining power of each party and the ...
If a coalition collapses, a confidence vote is held or a motion of no confidence is taken. For the purposes of this list, coalitions can come in two forms. The first is produced by two or more parties joining forces after fighting elections separately to form a majority government.