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Circuit diagram for open-circuit test. The open-circuit test, or no-load test, is one of the methods used in electrical engineering to determine the no-load impedance in the excitation branch of a transformer. The no load is represented by the open circuit, which is represented on the right side of the figure as the "hole" or incomplete part of ...
In electrical engineering, a transformer is a passive component that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another circuit, or multiple circuits.A varying current in any coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core, which induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) across any other coils wound around the same core.
A different form of short-circuit testing is done to assess the mechanical strength of the transformer windings, and their ability to withstand the high forces produced if an energized transformer experiences a short-circuit fault. Currents during such events can be several times the normal rated current.
The phenomenon can be avoided by connecting a minimal resistive load on the transformer secondaries or by interrupting the applied voltage by a 3-phase interrupting device such as a ganged (3-pole) circuit breaker. [8] In many cases, it also suffices to unground the transformer in a Δ configuration, which increases the line shunt impedance.
A "transformer bank", widely used in North America: three single-phase transformers connected to make a 3-phase transformer. The low-voltage secondary windings are attached to three or four terminals on the transformer's side. In North American residences and small businesses, the secondary is often the split-phase 120/240-volt system. The 240 ...
A single-phase supply connected to an alternating current electric motor does not produce a rotating magnetic field; single-phase motors need additional circuits for starting (capacitor start motor), and such motors are uncommon above 10 kW in rating. Because the voltage of a single phase system reaches a peak value twice in each cycle, the ...
L oc & L sc are open-circuit and short-circuit inductances. is the inductive leakage factor or Heyland factor [22] [23] [24] & are primary and secondary short-circuited leakage inductances. The transformer inductance can be characterized in terms of the three inductance constants as follows, [25] [26]
It is also known as short-circuit test (because it is the mechanical analogy of a transformer short-circuit test), [1] locked rotor test or stalled torque test. [2] From this test, short-circuit current at normal voltage, power factor on short circuit, total leakage reactance, and starting torque of the motor can be found.