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Itching, sneezing, and inflammatory responses are suppressed by antihistamines that act on H1-receptors. [ 2 ] [ 8 ] In 2014, antihistamines such as desloratadine were found to be effective to complement standardized treatment of acne due to their anti-inflammatory properties and their ability to suppress sebum production.
Antihistamines, specifically H1-antihistamines, are medicines which provide relief for allergic symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, itching, and watery eyes from seasonal allergies . They are usually the first line of medications prescribed by a general practitioner, or a pharmacist for allergies in a community pharmacy.
Cetirizine is a second-generation antihistamine used to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever), dermatitis, and urticaria (hives). [11] It is taken by mouth. [12] Effects generally begin within thirty minutes and last for about a day. [12]
The exact mechanism of the condition is unknown. Some studies have suggested the itching occurs in response to increased fibrinolytic activity in the skin, [5] [6] inappropriate activation of the sympathetic nervous system, [7] increased activity of acetylcholinesterase, [8] [9] or an increase in mast cell degranulation that releases histamine and other chemicals into the body.
Antihistamines are commonly used to treat itching associated with allergies. Generalized itch, or itching across the whole body, can be a symptom of a dermatological disorder or an underlying systemic problem. [13] Some systemic diseases can that cause generalized itch include diabetes, hypothyroidism, kidney diseases and liver diseases.
[1] [2] [3] In the elderly, xerosis, is the most common cause for an itch due to the degradation of the skin barrier over time. [4] However, the cause of senile pruritus is not clearly known. [ 5 ] Diagnosis is based on an elimination criteria during a full body examination that can be done by either a dermatologist or non-dermatologist physician.