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Peter Cathcart Wason (22 April 1924 – 17 April 2003) was an English cognitive psychologist at University College, London, who pioneered the psychology of reasoning. He sought to explain why people consistently commit logical errors.
Jonathan St B. T. Evans (born 30 June 1948) [2] is a British cognitive psychologist, currently Emeritus Professor of Psychology at the University of Plymouth. [3] In 1975, with Peter Wason, Evans proposed one of the first dual-process theories of reasoning, an idea later developed and popularized by Daniel Kahneman.
The Wason selection task (or four-card problem) is a logic puzzle devised by Peter Cathcart Wason in 1966. [1] [2] [3] It is one of the most famous tasks in the study of deductive reasoning. [4] An example of the puzzle is: You are shown a set of four cards placed on a table, each of which has a number on one side and a color on the other.
The THOG problem is one of cognitive psychologist Peter Wason's logic puzzles, constructed to show some of the weaknesses in human thinking. You are shown four symbols a black square; a white square; a black circle; a white circle; and told by the experimenter "I have picked one colour (black or white) and one shape (square or circle).
Peter Cathcart Wason, 78, British cognitive psychologist, founded the study of the psychology of reasoning. [ 83 ] Sergei Yushenkov , 52, Russian politician, member of Russian Parliament and critic of President Vladimir Putin , homicide.
Whether the focus be on social psychology or cognitive psychology, there are many examples of dual process theories produced throughout the past. The following just show a glimpse into the variety that can be found. [citation needed] Peter Wason and Jonathan St B. T. Evans suggested dual process theory in 1974. [4]