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An ecchymosis is a hematoma of the skin larger than 10 mm. [2] They may occur among and or within many areas such as skin and other organs , connective tissues , bone , joints and muscle . A collection of blood (or even a hemorrhage ) may be aggravated by anticoagulant medication (blood thinner).
A bruise, also known as a contusion, is a type of hematoma of tissue, [3] the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. Most bruises occur close enough to the epidermis such that the bleeding causes a visible discoloration.
Dead legs and charley horses are two different types of injuries: A charley horse involves the muscles contracting without warning, and can last from a few seconds to a couple days. A dead leg often occurs in contact sports , such as football, when an athlete suffers a knee or other blunt trauma to the lateral quadriceps causing a haematoma or ...
[12] [26] Muscle necrosis can happen fast, sometimes within just 3 hours after an injury. [13] A fasciotomy in the leg's lateral compartment might cause symptoms affecting nearby nerves and muscles. [10] These may include foot drop, numbness along leg, numbness of big toe, pain, and loss of foot eversion. [10]
The major tissues affected are nerves and muscles, where irreversible damage starts to occur after 4–6 hours of cessation of blood supply. [4] Skeletal muscle, the major tissue affected, is still relatively resistant to infarction compared to the heart and brain because its ability to rely on anaerobic metabolism by glycogen stored in the cells may supply the muscle tissue long enough for ...
The Thomas test is used to detect excessive tightness of the iliotibial band. In this test the patient holds the unaffected leg to their chest while the examiner straightens and lowers the other leg to a horizonal position, inability to fully straighten and lower the leg indicates excessive band tightness. [13] [14] [15]
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the formation of a blood clot within a deep vein.It most commonly affects leg veins, such as the femoral vein. [citation needed]Three factors are important in the formation of a blood clot within a deep vein—these are: [citation needed]
Weak muscles/tendons that cross the ankle joint, especially the muscles of the lower leg that cross the outside, or lateral aspect of the ankle joint (i.e. peroneal or fibular muscles); Weak or lax ligaments that join the bones of the ankle joint – this can be hereditary or due to overstretching of ligaments as a result of repetitive ankle ...