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Mesons named with the letter "f" are scalar mesons (as opposed to a pseudo-scalar meson), and mesons named with the letter "a" are axial-vector mesons (as opposed to an ordinary vector meson) a.k.a. an isoscalar vector meson, while the letters "b" and "h" refer to axial-vector mesons with positive parity, negative C-parity, and quantum numbers I G of 1 + and 0 − respectively.
Because mesons have integer spin (0 or 1) and are not themselves elementary particles, they are classified as "composite" bosons, although being made of elementary fermions. Examples of mesons include the pion, kaon, and the J/ψ. In quantum hadrodynamics, mesons mediate the residual strong force between nucleons.
All mesons are unstable, with the longest-lived lasting for only a few tenths of a nanosecond. Heavier mesons decay to lighter mesons and ultimately to stable electrons , neutrinos and photons . Outside the nucleus, mesons appear in nature only as short-lived products of very high-energy collisions between particles made of quarks, such as ...
A strange particle is an elementary particle with a strangeness quantum number different from zero. Strange particles are members of a large family of elementary particles carrying the quantum number of strangeness , including several cases where the quantum number is hidden in a strange/anti-strange pair, for example in the Φ meson .
Despite the pseudoscalar mesons' masses being known to high precision, and being the most well studied and understood mesons, the decay properties of the pseudoscalar mesons, particularly of eta (η) and eta-prime (η ′), are somewhat contradictory to their mass hierarchy: While the η ′ meson is much more massive than the η meson, the η meson is thought to contain a larger component of ...
Exotic mesons; Exotic baryons; Glueball, hypothetical particle that consist of only gluons. Quark bound states beyond the pentaquark, like hexaquarks and heptaquarks. Leptoquark, hypothetical particles that are neither bosons or fermions but carry lepton and baryon numbers. Magnetic monopole is a generic name for particles with non-zero ...
The estimated mass of the new particles was very rough, about half a proton's mass. More examples of these "V-particles" were slow in coming. The "k track plate" showing the three-pion decay mode of a kaon. The kaon enters from the left, and decays at the point labelled A
particles belong to the "pseudo-scalar" nonet of mesons which have spin J = 0 and negative parity, [9] [10] and η and η′ have zero total isospin, I, and zero strangeness, and hypercharge. Each quark which appears in an η particle is accompanied by its antiquark, hence all the main quantum numbers are zero, and the particle overall is ...