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Early childhood development is the period of rapid physical, psychological and social growth and change that begins before birth and extends into early childhood. [1] While early childhood is not well defined, one source asserts that the early years begin in utero and last until 3 years of age. [1]
The American psychiatrists Sally J. Rogers and Geraldine Dawson began developing the Early Start Denver Model during the 1980s. [1] While working at the University of Colorado, in Denver, Rogers provided what was first called the "play school model" of intervention which was applied to children in preschool during their regular play activities. [2]
In psychology, the term early childhood is usually defined as the time period from birth until the age of five or six years, [1] therefore covering infancy, Pre-K, kindergarten and first grade. There are three simultaneous development stages: [ 2 ] It is distinct from early childhood education , and does not necessarily refer to the same ...
Developmental psychology is the ... As an example a longitudinal study of early literacy development examined in detail the early literacy experiences of one child in ...
An example of this would be hiding the child's favorite toy under a blanket, and although the child cannot physically see it they still know to look under the blanket. [12] Preoperational: (begins about the time the child starts to talk, around age 2)
Infant cognitive development is the first stage of human cognitive development, in the youngest children.The academic field of infant cognitive development studies of how psychological processes involved in thinking and knowing develop in young children. [1]
Social emotional development represents a specific domain of child development.It is a gradual, integrative process through which children acquire the capacity to understand, experience, express, and manage emotions and to develop meaningful relationships with others. [1]
Examples of toxic stress are abuse, neglect, violence and overall hardship without adult support. [14] Toxic stress can have a cumulative effect on physical and mental health. Allostatic load is "the wear and tear on the body" that accumulates as an individual is exposed to repeated or chronic stress. [ 16 ]