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In 1989, with a million children living in poverty in Canada, members of parliament voted unanimously to eliminate child poverty by the year 2000. [2] By 2013, the rate child poverty in Canada was higher than it was in 1989, and was approaching the poverty rates of the mid-1970s in spite of the growth of Canada's economy between 1981 and 2010. [2]
The number of people living below the official poverty line decreased substantially from 14.5% in 2015 to 10.1% in 2019, [7] and 6.4% in 2020. [4] Child poverty in Canada declined since 2015, with the number of children who were living in poverty
The decision follows the release in 2020 of new purchasing power parities (PPPs)—the main data used to convert different currencies into a common, comparable unit and account for price differences across countries. The new extreme poverty line of $2.15 per person per day is based on 2017 PPPs. [7]
Canada's fertility rate hit a record low of 1.4 children born per woman in 2020, [30] below the population replacement level, which stands at 2.1 births per woman. In 2020, Canada also experienced the country's lowest number of births in 15 years, [ 30 ] also seeing the largest annual drop in childbirths (−3.6%) in a quarter of a century. [ 30 ]
In 2021, Trudeau touted his Child Benefit Program, claiming it had lifted 400,000 children out of poverty. [203] In 2024, food bank usage was at an all-time high and more working people than ever were using food banks. [204] This occurred amidst global food crises at the time. Canada introduced the right to medically-assisted dying in 2016.
Child poverty, when measured using relative thresholds, will improve only if low-income families benefit more from economic advances than well-off families. [14] Measures of child poverty using income thresholds will vary depending on whether relative or absolute poverty is measured and what threshold limits are applied.
The report of the British Columbia Expert Panel on Basic Income “Covering All the Basics: Reforms for a More Just Society” was released on 28 January 2021. It provides a comprehensive assessment of data on low-income earners and income supports in British Columbia (BC) and Canada, and a summary of state-of-the-art research on basic income programs.
Note: "Poverty among the elderly in Canada is at 6.7 per cent, much lower than for children or the working-age population." 2018 U.S. News & World Report Best Countries for Education [13] 4 - Measures quality of education in the 80 most developed countries 2022 State of World Liberty Project: State of World Liberty Index [14] 4 Top 5%