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Adobe wall (detail) in Bahillo, Palencia, Spain Renewal of the surface coating of an adobe wall in Chamisal, New Mexico Adobe walls separate urban gardens in Shiraz, Iran. Adobe (/ ə ˈ d oʊ b i / ⓘ ə-DOH-bee; [1] Spanish pronunciation:) is a building material made from earth and organic materials. Adobe is Spanish for mudbrick.
In this type of construction, the vigas are the main structural members carrying the weight of the roof to the load-bearing exterior walls. The exposed beam-ends projecting from the outside of the wall are a defining characteristic of Pueblo architecture and of Spanish Colonial architecture in New Mexico, often replicated in modern Pueblo ...
For example, earth used as a building material for walls of houses has existed for thousands of years. Much more recently, in the 1920s, the United States government promoted rammed earth as a fireproof construction method for building farmhouses. [1] Another more common example is adobe.
Adobe bricks made of clay, sand and straw, similar to cob, have long been used in the Southwest. More recently, hay bale houses have been constructed with walls made of insulating straw and a ...
Loam construction, the subject of this article, referred to as adobe construction when it uses unfired clay bricks, is an ancient building technology. It was used in the early civilizations of the Mediterranean , Egypt and Mesopotamia , in the Indus , Ganges and Yellow river valleys, in Central and South America .
Pueblo Revival architecture imitates the appearance of traditional adobe Pueblo architecture, though other materials such as brick or concrete are often substituted. If adobe is not used, rounded corners, irregular parapets, and thick, battered walls are used to simulate it. Walls are usually stuccoed and painted in earth
The first known example of the style is the Larkin House in Monterey, California, built by Thomas O. Larkin in 1835. The largest example of the style is the Rancho Petaluma Adobe, begun by Mariano Vallejo in Petaluma, California, in 1836. Revivals of the style have been popular in the 20th century, substituting wood framing or brick for adobe.
Inca buildings were made out of fieldstones or semi-worked stone blocks and dirt set in mortar; adobe walls were also quite common, usually laid over stone foundations. [2] The material used in the Inca buildings depended on the region, for instance, in the coast they used large rectangular adobe blocks while in the Andes they used local stones ...