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In the social sciences, a result may be considered statistically significant if its confidence level is of the order of a two-sigma effect (95%), while in particle physics and astrophysics, there is a convention of requiring statistical significance of a five-sigma effect (99.99994% confidence) to qualify as a discovery.
Fluorouracil (5-FU) Tegafur; Some metabolites of these drugs, such as 5-fluorodeoxyuridylate monophosphate, also have fluoropyrimidine structures in the general sense of the term, but the more specific meaning is typically reserved for substances used as pharmaceuticals.
A set of two power sums s 1 and s 2 are computed over a set of N values of x, denoted as x 1, ..., x N: s j = ∑ k = 1 N x k j . {\displaystyle s_{j}=\sum _{k=1}^{N}{x_{k}^{j}}.} Given the results of these running summations, the values N , s 1 , s 2 can be used at any time to compute the current value of the running standard deviation:
Fluorouracil (5-FU, 5-fluorouracil), sold under the brand name Adrucil among others, is a cytotoxic chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. [3] By intravenous injection it is used for treatment of colorectal cancer , oesophageal cancer , stomach cancer , pancreatic cancer , breast cancer , and cervical cancer . [ 3 ]
5-Fluoroorotic acid (5FOA) is a fluorinated derivative of the pyrimidine precursor orotic acid. It is used in yeast genetics to select for the absence of the URA3 gene, which encodes the enzyme for the decarboxylation of 5-fluoroorotic acid to 5-fluorouracil , a toxic metabolite. [ 1 ]
Fluorodeoxyuridylate, [1] also known as FdUMP, 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylate, and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate, is a molecule formed in vivo from 5-fluorouracil and 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. FdUMP acts as a suicide inhibitor of thymidylate synthase (TS). By inhibiting the deoxynucleotide biosynthesis, FdUMP stops the rapidly proliferation ...
For instance, the lone pairs of water are usually treated as two equivalent sp x hybrid orbitals, while the corresponding "nonbonding" orbitals of carbenes are generally treated as a filled σ(out) orbital and an unfilled pure p orbital, even though the lone pairs of water could be described analogously by filled σ(out) and p orbitals (for ...
Floxuridine is a pyrimidine analog that acts as an inhibitor of the S-phase of cell division. This selectively kills rapidly dividing cells. Antimetabolites masquerade as pyrimidine-like molecules which prevents normal pyrimidines from being incorporated into DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle.