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Capillary refill time is a quick and cheap way to indicate decreased peripheral perfusion and may indicate cardiovascular or respiratory dysfunction. [5] It has also been used to assess or diagnose diseases of the peripheral circulatory system such as Raynaud's syndrome and hand–arm vibration syndrome . [ 6 ]
assess signs of pathology in the peripheral vascular system A peripheral vascular examination is a medical examination to discover signs of pathology in the peripheral vascular system . It is performed as part of a physical examination , or when a patient presents with leg pain suggestive of a cardiovascular pathology.
This general formulation of a biexponential decay of diffusion-weighted imaging signal with b-value can be used for IVIM, which requires sampling of low b-values (<100 s/mm²) to capture pseudodiffusion decay, or for restriction imaging, which requires higher b-value acquisitions (>1000 s/mm²) to capture restricted diffusion.
Reperfusion injury, sometimes called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) or reoxygenation injury, is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue (re-+ perfusion) after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen (anoxia or hypoxia).
A Lindbergh perfusion pump, c. 1935, an early device for simulating natural perfusion. Perfusion is the passage of fluid through the circulatory system or lymphatic system to an organ or a tissue, [1] usually referring to the delivery of blood to a capillary bed in tissue. Perfusion may also refer to fixation via perfusion, used in histological ...
The affordability of water charges can be measured by macro- and micro-affordability. [16] Macro-affordability" indicators relate national average household water and wastewater bills to average net disposable household income. In OECD countries it varies from 0.2% (Italy and Mexico) to 1.4% (Slovak Republic, Poland and Hungary).
In 2013 the lowest block of the residential water tariff up to a consumption of 7m 3 per month was 550 Cambodian riel ($0.13) per m 3, followed by a second block up to 15m 3 at 770 Riel ($0.19) per m 3. [13] A typical residential water bill is US$3–5 per month, around 1 percent of the average income.
Isolated organ perfusion technique is employed to precipitate an organ's perfusion and circulation that are independent/isolated from the body's systemic circulation for various purposes such as organ-localized chemotherapy, organ-targeted delivery of drug, gene or anything else, organ transplantation, and organ injury recovery.