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Amlodipine works partly by vasodilation (relaxing the arteries and increasing their diameter). [10] It is a long-acting calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine type. [10] Amlodipine was patented in 1982, and approved for medical use in 1990. [12] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [13]
Name Image Brand name Citations Amlodipine: Norvasc, Istin, Normodipine, Tenox, Cordi Cor [4]Aranidipine: Sapresta (サプレスタ) [5]Azelnidipine: CalBlock (カルブロック)
General chemical structure of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (dipines) Dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blockers are derived from the molecule dihydropyridine and often used to reduce systemic vascular resistance and arterial pressure.
Amlodipine/valsartan, sold under the brand name Exforge among others, is a blood pressure lowering combination drug. It contains amlodipine , as the besilate, a dihydropyridine -type calcium channel blocker , and valsartan , an angiotensin II receptor antagonist . [ 6 ]
Valsartan is combined with amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) (or both) into single-pill formulations for treating hypertension with multiple drugs. [8] [41] [42] [43] Valsartan is also available as the combination valsartan/sacubitril. [40] [44] [45] It is used to treat heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. [45] [46]
Versions are available as the combination olmesartan/hydrochlorothiazide and olmesartan/amlodipine. [2] It is available as a prodrug, olmesartan medoxomil. Common side effects include dizziness, headaches, diarrhea, and back pain. [2] Serious side effects may include kidney problems, low blood pressure, and angioedema. [2]
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Levamlodipine , also known as levoamlodipine or S-amlodipine is a pharmacologically active enantiomer of amlodipine. [1] Amlodipine belongs to the dihydropyridine group of calcium channel blocker used as an antihypertensive and antianginal agent. [2] It was approved by the U.S. FDA in December 2019 and is currently marketed under the brand name ...