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The Municipal Act of the Canadian province of Ontario [1] is the main statute governing the creation, administration and government of municipalities in Ontario, other than the City of Toronto. After being passed in 2001, it came into force on 1 January 2003, replacing the previous Municipal Act, 1990. [2] It has since been amended.
A municipality in Ontario is "a geographic area whose inhabitants are incorporated" according to the Municipal Act, 2001. [6] Ontario's three municipality types include upper and lower-tier municipalities within the two-tier structure, and single-tier municipalities (unitary authorities) that are exempt from the two-tier structure. [5]
On December 8, 2022, the Ontario legislature passed the Better Municipal Governance Act, 2022, which expanded the "strong-mayor" powers.Particularly, it added the ability to pass a by-law with only one-third support of council if it relates to priorities defined by the provincial government.
Under the former Municipal Act, 1990, a city was both an urban and a local municipality. [5] Under that act, the Ontario Municipal Board (OMB) could change the status of a village or town, upon its request, to a city if it had a population of 15,000 or more. [5]
Under the former Municipal Act, 1990, a township was a type of local municipality. [4] Under this former legislation, a locality with a population of 1,000 or more could have been incorporated as a township by Ontario's Municipal Board upon review of an application from 75 or more residents of the locality. [4]
A town is a sub-type of municipalities in the Canadian province of Ontario.A town can have the municipal status of either a single-tier or lower-tier municipality.. Ontario has 88 towns [1] that had a cumulative population of 1,813,458 and an average population of 22,316 in the 2016 Census. [2]
Canada has a total of 5,162 [1] municipalities among its 10 provinces and 3 territories that are subject to some form of local government. Matrix of municipalities [ edit ]
A village is a sub-type of municipalities in the Canadian province of Ontario. A village can have the municipal status of either a single-tier or lower-tier municipality. Ontario has 11 villages [1] that had a cumulative population of 13,695 and an average population of 1,245 in the 2016 Census. [2]