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When the Industrial Revolution began, manufacturers used children as a workforce. [1] Children often worked the same 12-hour shifts as adults, but they could work shifts as long as 14 hours. [2] [3] [4] By the 1820s, 50% of English workers were under the age of 20. [1] [5] Children were the cheapest labour at the time. A child worker was 80% ...
The Factory Act 1847 stipulated that as of 1 July 1847, women and children between the ages of 13 and 18 could work only 63 hours per week. The Bill further stipulated that as of 1 May 1848, women and children 13–18 could work only 58 hours per week, the equivalent of 10 hours per day. [2]
The Health and Morals of Apprentices Act 1802 (42 Geo. 3.c. 73) was introduced by Sir Robert Peel; it addressed concerns felt by the medical men of Manchester about the health and welfare of children employed in cotton mills, and first expressed by them in 1784 in a report on an outbreak of 'putrid fever' at a mill at Radcliffe owned by Peel.
Society and culture of the Victorian era refers to society and culture in the United Kingdom during the Victorian era--that is the 1837-1901 reign of Queen Victoria.. The idea of "reform" was a motivating force, as seen in the political activity of religious groups and the newly formed labour unions.
According to ILO minimum age convention (C138) of 1973, child labour refers to any work performed by children under the age of 12, non-light work done by children aged 12–14, and hazardous work done by children aged 15–17. Light work was defined, under this convention, as any work that does not harm a child's health and development, and ...
For most of the Victorian era, people thought it was normal for men and women to be treated differently, and judged by different standards. Curious Kids: why were there separate jobs for men and ...
It was a response to the working conditions of children revealed in the Children's Employment Commission (Mines) 1842 report. The Commission was headed by Anthony Ashley-Cooper, Member of Parliament, who was styled Baron Ashley at the time, a courtesy title, and would succeed his father as the 7th Earl of Shaftesbury in 1852. [1]
The Sadler Report, also known as the Report of the Select Committee on Factory Children's Labour (Parliamentary Papers 1831–32, volume XV) or "the report of Mr Sadler's Committee," [a] was a report written in 1832 by Michael Sadler, the chairman of a UK parliamentary committee considering a bill that limited the hours of work of children in ...