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Several surnames have multiple spellings; this is sometimes due to unrelated families bearing the same surname. A single surname in either language may have multiple translations in the other. In some English translations of the names, the M(a)c- prefix may be omitted in the English, e.g. Bain vs MacBain, Cowan vs MacCowan, Ritchie vs MacRitchie.
Modernized name Names in medieval languages Name meaning and/or identification Notes Hald (North and South) Old English: Hæleþan: The Hæleþan were a people mentioned in Widsith, line 81. The name Halla herred is attested in the Doomesday book of Valdemar II of Denmark for an area at the Randers Fjord in north Jutland.
Medieval fantasy: d20 System: 2003 A giant-dominated setting; created by Monte Cook and first published in 2003. Arcanis: the World of Shattered Empires: Medieval fantasy: The continent of Onara on the Planet of Arcanis d20 System, Arcanis rules system, 5ed D&D Paradigm Concepts: 2001–Present Focuses on moral ambiguity and politics Ars Magica
Of the large number of medieval Germanic names, a comparatively small set remains in common use today. For almost a thousand years, the most frequent name of Germanic origin in the English-speaking world has traditionally been William (from the Old High German Willahelm ), followed by Robert , Richard and Henry .
Not until the time of his grandsons and great-grandsons was the name O'Brien used as a surname, used to denote descent from an illustrious ancestor. It has for some three hundred years been written as O ', but in recent years the apostrophe is often dropped, bringing it into line with early medieval forms. The apostrophe came into existence as ...
Given names originating from the Slavic languages are most common in Slavic countries.. The main types of Slavic names: . Two-base names, often ending in mir/měr (Ostromir/měr, Tihomir/měr, Němir/měr), *voldъ (Vsevolod, Rogvolod), *pъlkъ (Svetopolk, Yaropolk), *slavъ (Vladislav, Dobroslav, Vseslav) and their derivatives (Dobrynya, Tishila, Ratisha, Putyata, etc.)
The earliest documented Basque surnames occur on Aquitanian inscriptions from the time of the Roman conquest of Hispania and Gallia Aquitania.For the most part these can be easily identified with modern or medieval Basque surnames, for example ENNECONIS (the personal name Eneko plus the Latin genitive ending -IS, stem augmented by -N) > Enekoitz.
Thus, Alfonso I of Asturias was originally given the Gothic name *Adafuns or Adalfuns, becoming one of the most popular names in the medieval Iberian kingdoms. In France, where remnants of the old Visigothic Kingdom still remained (Gothic March),Gothic names continued to be common up until the 12th century. [3]