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The Southern Cameroons was the southern part of the British League of Nations mandate territory of the British Cameroons in West Africa. Since 1961, it has been part of the Republic of Cameroon , where it makes up the Northwest Region and Southwest Region .
British Cameroons or British Cameroon was a British mandate territory in British West Africa, formed of the Northern Cameroons and Southern Cameroons.Today, the Northern Cameroons forms parts of the Borno, Adamawa and Taraba states of Nigeria, [1] while the Southern Cameroons forms part of the Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon.
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Anglophone Cameroonians are the people of various cultural backgrounds, most of who hail from the English-speaking regions of Cameroon (Northwest and Southwest Regions). These regions were formerly known as the British Southern Cameroons, being part of the League of Nations mandate and United Nations Trust Territories administered by the United Kingdom.
In 1953, the Southern Cameroons delegation at a conference in London asked for a separate region. The British agreed, and Southern Cameroons became an autonomous region with its capital still at Buea. Elections were held in 1954 and the parliament met on 1 October 1954, with E. M. L. Endeley as Premier. [21]
A map of Cameroon and Nigeria, highlighting Southern Cameroon between them. On 11 February 1961, months after Nigerian independence, a plebiscite was held, under the supervision of the United Nations (UN), to establish the future of the areas along the Nigeria–Cameroon border which previously had been under British mandate.
The South Region (French: Région du Sud) is located in the southwestern and south-central portion of the Republic of Cameroon.It is bordered to the east by the East Region, to the north by the Centre Region, to the northwest by the Littoral Region, to the west by the Gulf of Guinea (part of the Atlantic Ocean), and to the south by the countries of Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Congo.
In 1884, the region was colonized by Germany under the Protectorate regime until 1916 when it became a condominium administered jointly by the United Kingdom and France. [5] In 1919, the administration of the South West region became solely British. In 1961, the region joined Cameroon as part of the federated state of West Cameroon. [6]