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A fault plane is the plane that represents the fracture surface of a fault. A fault trace or fault line is a place where the fault can be seen or mapped on the surface. A fault trace is also the line commonly plotted on geologic maps to represent a fault. [3] [4] A fault zone is a cluster of parallel faults.
A detachment fault is a gently dipping normal fault associated with large-scale extensional tectonics. [1] Detachment faults often have very large displacements (tens of km) and juxtapose unmetamorphosed hanging walls against medium to high-grade metamorphic footwalls that are called metamorphic core complexes .
Schematic illustration of the two strike-slip fault types. The view is of the Earth's surface from above. In geology, the terms sinistral and dextral refer to the horizontal component of the movement of blocks on either side of a fault or the sense of movement within a shear zone. These are terms of relative direction, as the movement of the ...
Pages in category "Faults (geology)" The following 11 pages are in this category, out of 11 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Also called Indianite. A mineral from the lime-rich end of the plagioclase group of minerals. Anorthites are usually silicates of calcium and aluminium occurring in some basic igneous rocks, typically those produced by the contact metamorphism of impure calcareous sediments. anticline An arched fold in which the layers usually dip away from the fold axis. Contrast syncline. aphanic Having the ...
Rocks above the detachment fault form normal faults and, at the same time, shear in a "layer-parallel" motion. [11] This action creates a series of fault blocks, which are progressively tilted as the detachment fault progresses. [5] The fracturing of the fault blocks can occur in a similar time frame or develop progressively. [12]
Thrust fault in the Qilian Shan, China.The older (left, blue, and red) thrust over the younger (right, brown). The Glencoul Thrust at Aird da Loch, Assynt in Scotland. The irregular grey mass of rock is formed of Archaean or Paleoproterozoic Lewisian gneisses thrust over well-bedded Cambrian quartzite, along the top of the younger unit.
A half graben forms, but stress orientation is not perturbed due to high fault friction. Next, elevated pore pressure (Pp) leads to low effective friction that forces σ1 to be parallel to the fault in the footwall. A low-angle fault forms and is ready to act as a décollement. Then, the upper crust is thinned above the décollement by normal ...