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There are three types of appropriations bills: regular appropriations bills, continuing resolutions, and supplemental appropriations bills. [2] Regular appropriations bills are the twelve standard bills that cover the funding for the federal government for one fiscal year to be enacted into law by October 1.
Every year, Congress must pass bills that appropriate money for all discretionary government spending. Generally, one bill is passed for each sub-committee of the twelve subcommittees in the U.S. House Committee on Appropriations and the matching 12 subcommittees in the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations.
Some appropriations last for more than one year (see Appropriation bill for details). In particular, multi-year appropriations are often used for housing programs and military procurement programs. As of 2019, there are 12 appropriations bills which need to be passed each fiscal year in order for continued discretionary spending to occur.
Congress is supposed to pass 12 annual appropriations bills — also known as spending or government funding bills — by October 1, the start of the new fiscal year. But this rarely happens.
Traditionally, the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate agree together on a budget resolution in the spring, that is then used to determine spending limits for twelve regular appropriations bills. The twelve appropriations bills then appropriate the funding for the federal government to use for the next budgetary ...
Lawmakers in the House and Senate divide up the funding of the government into 12 different appropriations bills. Committees in the House and Senate work to draft appropriations.
The Senate then cuts and pastes, substitutes the language of its version of a particular appropriation bill for the language of the House bill, and agrees to the bill as amended. The United States House Committee on Appropriations and the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations have jurisdiction over appropriations bills. [12]
The House and Senate therefore need to assess the budget requests submitted by individual departments and agencies and agree on the 12 appropriation bills that apportion a full year’s worth of ...