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Histology of an eosinophil within epithelium, characterized by its bilobed nucleus despite scant visible eosinophilic cytoplasm. Following activation, eosinophils effector functions include production of the following: Cationic granule proteins and their release by degranulation [14] [15] [16]
In immunology, an Fc receptor is a protein found on the surface of certain cells – including, among others, B lymphocytes, follicular dendritic cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, human platelets, and mast cells – that contribute to the protective functions of the immune system.
ADCC requires an effector cell which classically is known to be natural killer (NK) cells that typically interact with immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. [3] However, macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils can also mediate ADCC, such as eosinophils killing certain parasitic worms known as helminths via IgE antibodies. [4]
The main effector cells are eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells as well as B cells, and IL-4/IL-5 CD4 T cells. The key T h 2 transcription factors are STAT6 and GATA3 . [ 21 ] IL-4 is the positive feedback cytokine for T h 2 cells differentiation.
These eosinophils are strong, pro-inflammatory effector cells. The cells involved in allergic responses, such as eosinophils, are predominantly expressed through eotaxin and the CCR-3 receptor. [ 2 ] The binding of eotaxin and the other related chemokines to the CCR-3 receptor is seen to play a major role in eosinophil recruitment in allergic ...
The innate leukocytes include: natural killer cells, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils; and the phagocytic cells include macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, and function within the immune system by identifying and eliminating pathogens that might cause infection. [2]
PRG2 is a 117-residue protein that predominates in eosinophil granules. It is a potent enzyme against helminths and is toxic towards bacteria and mammalian cells in vitro. The eosinophil major basic protein also causes the release of histamine from mast cells and basophils, and activates neutrophils and alveolar macrophages.
There are four types of granulocytes (full name polymorphonuclear granulocytes): [3] Basophils; Eosinophils; Neutrophils; Mast cells; Except for the mast cells, their names are derived from their staining characteristics; for example, the most abundant granulocyte is the neutrophil granulocyte, which has neutrally staining cytoplasmic granules.