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Used as a herbal remedy: an aqueous extract of the plant has sedative and anxiolytic actions. [66] Eucalyptus globulus: Eucalyptus: Leaves were widely used in traditional medicine as a febrifuge. [67] Eucalyptus oil is commonly used in over-the-counter cough and cold medications, as well as for an analgesic. [68] Euonymus atropurpureus: Wahoo
Digoxin (better known as Digitalis), sold under the brand name Lanoxin among others, is a medication used to treat various heart conditions. [4] Most frequently it is used for atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and heart failure. [4] Digoxin is one of the oldest medications used in the field of cardiology.
An unusual side effect of digoxin is a disturbance of color vision (mostly yellow and green) called xanthopsia. Vincent van Gogh's "Yellow Period" may have somehow been influenced by concurrent digitalis therapy. Other oculotoxic effects of digoxin include generalized blurry vision, as well as seeing a "halo" around each point of light.
It is an acetyl derivative of digoxin and an isomer of β-acetyldigoxin. α-Acetyldigoxin increases the contractility of the heart by its positive inotropic effect on cardiac muscle. [citation needed] The effects of α-acetyldigoxin begin 3–4 hours after administration, and maximize after 6–8 hours.
Digitalis purpurea is an herbaceous biennial or short-lived perennial plant. The leaves are spirally arranged, simple, 10–35 cm (3.9–13.8 in) long and 5–12 cm (2–5 in) broad, and are covered with gray-white pubescent and glandular hairs, imparting a woolly texture.
Digoxin is widely used in the treatment of various heart conditions. A typical protocol to isolate a pure chemical agent from natural origin is bioassay-guided fractionation , meaning step-by-step separation of extracted components based on differences in their physicochemical properties, and assessing the biological activity , followed by next ...
A case series of 147 patients showed that not all cases of acute digoxin overdose require anti‐digoxin Fab, nor should anti‐digoxin Fab dose be calculated based on ingested dose. In contrast, a higher mortality (7.6%) was noted in a case series of acute and chronic digoxin and digitoxin poisoning despite Fab being used first line.
The general structure of a cardiac glycoside consists of a steroid molecule attached to a sugar and an R group. [4] The steroid nucleus consists of four fused rings to which other functional groups such as methyl, hydroxyl, and aldehyde groups can be attached to influence the overall molecule's biological activity. [4]