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The French Second Republic lasted from 1848 to 1852, when its president, Charles-Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, was declared Emperor of the French under the regnal name of Napoleon III. He would later be overthrown during the events of the Franco-Prussian War , becoming the last monarch to rule France.
The famous opening paragraph of Mémoires de guerre begins by declaring, "All my life, I have had a certain idea of France (une certaine idée de la France)", [115]: 2 and ends by declaring that, given the divisive nature of French politics, France cannot truly live up to this ideal without a policy of "grandeur". During this period of formal ...
Famous French commander of World War I who regrouped the retreating Allied forces to defeat the Germans at the strategically decisive First Battle of the Marne in 1914. Philippe Pétain: 1856–1951 French Another great French commander of World War I, Pétain led the French to victory at Verdun and restored the army's morale after the mutinies ...
Napoleon Bonaparte [b] (born Napoleone Buonaparte; [1] [c] 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of military campaigns across Europe during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.
Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre (French: [maksimiljɛ̃ ʁɔbɛspjɛʁ]; 6 May 1758 – 28 July 1794) was a French lawyer and statesman, widely recognised as one of the most influential and controversial figures of the French Revolution.
On 3 June 1943, his Committee merged together with Henri Giraud's French Civil and Military High Command, forming the French Committee of National Liberation, with the two acting as co-chairs. Following the Liberation of France , the Committee evolved into a Provisional Government , with de Gaulle as its Chairman.
The Battle of Trafalgar saw the Royal Navy defeat a joint Franco-Spanish fleet thus preventing it from taking control of the English Channel, which would have enabled the French dictator to launch ...
Maréchal ("Marshal") – Between 1940 and 1944, when Marshal Philippe Pétain was Chief of the French State (Vichy France), the name for his military rank became synonymous with Pétain. Though the country retained the Marseillaise as its national anthem, Maréchal, nous voilà ! was widely seen as the alternative Vichy French anthem.