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On automobiles, disc brakes are often located within the wheel A drilled motorcycle brake disc. The development of disc-type brakes began in England in the 1890s. In 1902, the Lanchester Motor Company designed brakes that looked and operated similarly to a modern disc-brake system even though the disc was thin and a cable activated the brake pad. [4]
Some disc brakes are drilled or slotted, but smooth discs show no more fade. Long dual-tire skid marks on highways, made by trucks with drum brakes, are visible examples of non-linearity between brake response and pedal pressure. Large trucks still use drum brakes because they are economical and fit easily where an equivalent disc brake does not.
This spelled the beginning of the end for drum brakes in passenger cars. From the 1960s to the 1980s, disc brakes gradually replaced drum brakes on the front wheels of cars (which receive the majority of braking force). Now practically all cars use disc brakes on the front wheels, and many use disc brakes on all four wheels.
The concept of brake pads or disc brakes as an alternative to drum brakes had been around at least as early as a patent by F. W. Lanchester in 1902. [2] However, due to high cost and inefficiencies compared to drum brakes they were not commonly implemented until after World War II. [3]
Compared to modern disc brakes, drum brakes wear out faster due to their tendency to overheat. The disc brake is a device for slowing or stopping the rotation of a road wheel. A brake disc (or rotor in U.S. English), usually made of cast iron or ceramic, is connected to the wheel or the axle.
Due in part to manufacturing improvements, such as tighter tolerances and better anti-corrosion coatings, in 2012 the typical car was estimated to last for 200,000 miles (320,000 km) [4] with the average car in 2024 lasting 160,545 miles according to the website Junk Car Reaper.
Originally used for braking both the front and rear wheels, drum brakes have largely been superseded by disc brakes or are used for rear-braking only. [4]: 17 The Lambretta TV125 Series 3 was the first modern [clarification needed] production motorcycle with a disc brake. [2]