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Fungal sinusitis or fungal rhinosinusitis is the inflammation of the lining mucosa of the paranasal sinuses due to a fungal infection. [1] [2] It occurs in people with reduced immunity. The maxillary sinus is the most commonly involved. Fungi responsible for fungal sinusitis are Aspergillus fumigatus (90%), Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus ...
Mucormycosis, also known as black fungus, [3] [4] is a severe fungal infection [11] that comes under fulminant fungal sinusitis, [12] usually in people who are immunocompromised. [9] [13] It is curable only when diagnosed early. [12] Symptoms depend on where in the body the infection occurs.
Primary infection is caused by the inhalation of spores; bigger spores have a better chance of settling in the upper respiratory tract. The deposition of certain spore sizes could be a leading factor for why A. flavus is a common etiological cause of fungal sinusitis and cutaneous infections and noninvasive fungal pneumonia. Countries with dry ...
Sinusitis, also known as rhinosinusitis, is an inflammation of the mucous membranes that line the sinuses resulting in symptoms that may include production of thick nasal mucus, nasal congestion, facial congestion, facial pain, facial pressure, loss of smell, or fever. [6] [7] Sinusitis is a condition that affects both children and adults.
The first host infected was a domestic cat with invasive fungal rhinosinusitis who gave its name to this new Aspergillus as Felis is a genus of cats in the family Felidae. Apsergillus felis was then described in a dog with disseminated invasive aspergillosis and a human patient with chronic invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. [3]
[3] [4] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold. [5]: 28 Most infections are viral in nature, and in other instances, the cause is bacterial. [6] URTIs can also be fungal or helminthic in origin, but these are less common. [7]: 443–445
Other, noninvasive manifestations include fungal sinusitis (both allergic in nature and with established fungal balls), otomycosis (ear infection), keratitis (eye infection), and onychomycosis (nail infection). In most instances, these are less severe, and curable with effective antifungal treatment.
Only 30% of 372 patient specimens sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) showed PCR evidence of the fungal infection. [18] β-D-glucan assays were suggested as a potential method for early detection. [18] The β-D-glucan assay detects (1,3)-β-D-glucan, a major component of many fungal cell walls released during cell ...