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The N-end rule is a rule that governs the rate of protein degradation through recognition of the N-terminal residue of proteins. The rule states that the N-terminal amino acid of a protein determines its half-life (time after which half of the total amount of a given polypeptide is degraded).
A 2010 episode of Law & Order, "Immortal", was heavily based on the story of Henrietta Lacks and the HeLa cell line, using the fictional "NaRo" cells as a stand-in. [68] The story of how the HeLa cell line came to be was also the subject of a 2010 episode of the podcast Radiolab. [69]
The cells will often have a known range of confluencies for optimal growth, for example a mammalian cell line like HeLa generally prefers confluencies between 10% and 100%, and subculture will normally try to keep the cells in this range.
Baculovirus-infected insect cells [20] (Sf9, Sf21, High Five strains) or mammalian cells [21] (HeLa, HEK 293) allow production of glycosylated or membrane proteins that cannot be produced using fungal or bacterial systems. [20] [6] It is useful for production of proteins in high quantity. Genes are not expressed continuously because infected ...
A useful technique for assessing cellular localization uses genetic engineering to express in a cell a fusion protein or chimera consisting of the natural protein of interest linked to a "reporter" such as green fluorescent protein (GFP). [73] The fused protein's position within the cell can then be cleanly and efficiently visualized using ...
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life. Every cell consists of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane; many cells contain organelles, each with a specific function. The term comes from the Latin word cellula meaning 'small room'. Most cells are only visible under a microscope.
A degron is a portion of a protein that is important in regulation of protein degradation rates. Known degrons include short amino acid sequences, [2] structural motifs [1] and exposed amino acids (often lysine [3] or arginine [4]) located anywhere in the protein. In fact, some proteins can even contain multiple degrons.
Of these options, mammalian cells are the most common because their use does not face the same challenges that other host cells do such as different glycan structures, shorter half life, and potential unwanted immune responses in humans. [3] Of mammalian cells, the most common cell line used for recombinant glycoprotein production is the ...