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A taxis differs from a tropism (turning response, often growth towards or away from a stimulus) in that in the case of taxis, the organism has motility and demonstrates guided movement towards or away from the stimulus source. [5] [6] It is sometimes distinguished from a kinesis, a non-directional change in activity in response to a stimulus.
Kinesis, like a taxis or tropism, is a movement or activity of a cell or an organism in response to a stimulus (such as gas exposure, light intensity or ambient temperature). Unlike taxis, the response to the stimulus provided is non-directional.
Kinesiotherapy or Kinesitherapy or kinesiatrics (kinēsis, "movement"), literally "movement therapy", is the therapeutic treatment of disease by passive and active muscular movements (as by massage) and of exercise. [1] [2] It is the core element of physiotherapy/physical therapy.
Tropisms can be regarded by ethologists as taxis (directional response) or kinesis (non-directional response). The Cholodny–Went model , proposed in 1927, is an early model describing tropism in emerging shoots of monocotyledons , including the tendencies for the stalk to grow towards light (phototropism) and the roots to grow downward ...
In a broad sense, this could be called behavior therapy whenever the behavior itself was conceived as the therapeutic agent. Ancient writings contain innumerable behavioral prescriptions that accord with this broad conception of behavior therapy. [6] The first use of the term behaviour modification appears to have been by Edward Thorndike in 1911.
Energy taxis is the orientation of bacteria towards conditions of optimal metabolic activity by sensing the internal energetic conditions of cell. Therefore, in contrast to chemotaxis (taxis towards or away from a specific extracellular compound), energy taxis responds on an intracellular stimulus (e.g. proton motive force , activity of NDH- 1 ...