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Drugs or pharmaceutical agents inducing ototoxicity are regarded as ototoxic medications. Anatomy of the human ear There is a wide range of ototoxic medications, for example, antibiotics , antimalarials , chemotherapeutic agents , non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and loop diuretics . [ 2 ]
Ototoxicity is the property of being toxic to the ear (oto-), specifically the cochlea or auditory nerve and sometimes the vestibular system, for example, as a side effect of a drug. The effects of ototoxicity can be reversible and temporary, or irreversible and permanent. It has been recognized since the 19th century. [1]
This is a list of drugs and substances that are known or suspected to cause Stevens–Johnson syndrome This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources .
Some over-the-counter as well as prescription drugs and certain industrial chemicals are ototoxic. Exposure to these can result in temporary or permanent hearing loss. Some medications cause irreversible damage to the ear, and are limited in their use for this reason. The most important group is the aminoglycosides (main member gentamicin). A ...
Amikacin can cause neurotoxicity if used at a higher dose or for longer than recommended. The resulting effects of neurotoxicity include vertigo, numbness, tingling of the skin (paresthesia), muscle twitching, and seizures. [9] Its toxic effect on the 8th cranial nerve causes ototoxicity, resulting in loss of balance and, more commonly, hearing ...
Ototoxic drugs also may cause subjective tinnitus, as they may cause hearing loss, [15] or increase the damage done by exposure to loud noise. [39] This damage may occur even at doses not considered ototoxic. [40] More than 260 medications have been reported to cause tinnitus as a side effect. [41]
[1] [4] Complications can include swelling of the brain or lungs, seizures, low blood sugar, or cardiac arrest. [1] While usually due to aspirin, other possible causes include oil of wintergreen and bismuth subsalicylate. [2] Excess doses can be either on purpose or accidental. [1] Small amounts of oil of wintergreen can be toxic. [2]
It is not recommended with streptomycin or other medications that may damage the auditory vestibular nerve. [1] It is not recommended during pregnancy as it may cause kidney or hearing problems in the baby. [1] Capreomycin is commonly grouped with the aminoglycoside family of medications. [2] How it works is unclear. [1]