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Sweden, following its long-standing policy of neutrality since the Napoleonic Wars, remained neutral throughout World War I between 28 July 1914 and 11 November 1918. [1] However, this neutrality was not maintained without difficulty and Sweden at various times sympathised with different parties in the conflict.
Since World War I, there have been many changes in borders between nations, detailed below. For information on border changes from the end of the Napoleonic Wars to 1914, see the list of national border changes (1815–1914). Cases are only listed where there have been changes in borders, not necessarily including changes in ownership of a ...
In 1995, a few years after the end of the Cold War, Sweden became a member of the European Union and the old term "policy of neutrality" fell out of use. [38] [39] In a referendum held in 2003, the majority voted not to adopt the Euro as the country's official currency. Foreign Minister Anna Lindh was murdered just before the referendum. [40]
1914 was the first year of the First World War, though this had little effect on the nation as for the entirety of the war, and most of Swedish modern history, the nation would remain neutral. Famously the Scandinavian kings would meet in Malmö to discuss neutrality in the great war.
Sweden purchases Caribbean island of Saint Barthélemy from France 1786: 20 March: Foundation of Swedish Academy: 1787: First secondary education school in Sweden for girls, Societetsskolan, founded in Gothenburg 1788: Sweden declares war against Russia, initiating Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790) 1790
In 1805, Sweden entered into the War of the Third Coalition and fought against France in the Franco-Swedish War in an effort to defeat France under Napoleon Bonaparte. The war lasted until January 1810, when Sweden was defeated by France's then-ally, Russia. After the war, France and Sweden signed the Treaty of Paris (1810).
In 1803, the United Kingdom had declared war on France, and Sweden remained neutral, together with Denmark–Norway and Prussia.However, after the execution of Louis-Antoine-Henri de Bourbon-Condé in 1804, the Swedish government broke all diplomatic ties with France and concluded a convention to allow the British to use Swedish Pomerania as a military base against France in exchange for payments.
Initially after the end of World War II, Sweden quietly pursued an aggressive independent nuclear weapons program involving plutonium production and nuclear secrets acquisition from all nuclear powers, until the 1960s, when it was abandoned as cost-prohibitive. During the Cold War Sweden appeared to maintain a dual approach to thermonuclear ...