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  2. Type 1 diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_1_diabetes

    Type 1 diabetes, also known as "Juvenile-onset" Diabetes is increasing in children and adolescents under the age of 15. [132] Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the body attacks the beta-cells produced by the pancreas; therefore, causing the body to have insulin deficiency. [133]

  3. Insulin-like growth factor 1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_1

    On the other hand, a high IGF-1 bioavailability in people with diabetes may delay or prevent diabetes-associated complications, as it improves impaired small blood vessel function. [67] IGF-1 has been characterized as an insulin sensitizer. [68] Low serum IGF‐1 levels can be considered an indicator of liver fibrosis in type 2 diabetes ...

  4. Biomarkers of diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarkers_of_diabetes

    [1] Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition in which the body becomes resistant to the normal effects of insulin and/or gradually loses the capacity to produce enough insulin in the pancreas. [2] Pre-diabetes means that the blood sugar level is higher than normal but not yet high enough to be type 2 diabetes. [3]

  5. Insulin signal transduction pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_signal...

    The influx of Ca 2+ ions causes the secretion of insulin stored in vesicles through the cell membrane. The process of insulin secretion is an example of a trigger mechanism in a signal transduction pathway because insulin is secreted after glucose enters the beta cell and that triggers several other processes in a chain reaction.

  6. Hyperinsulinemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinsulinemia

    Hyperinsulinemia is a condition in which there are excess levels of insulin circulating in the blood relative to the level of glucose. While it is often mistaken for diabetes or hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia can result from a variety of metabolic diseases and conditions, as well as non-nutritive sugars in the diet.

  7. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maturity-onset_diabetes_of...

    Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) refers to any of several hereditary forms of diabetes mellitus caused by mutations in an autosomal dominant gene disrupting insulin production. [1] Along with neonatal diabetes , MODY is a form of the conditions known as monogenic diabetes.

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