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Large format lenses are photographic optics that provide an image circle large enough to cover the large format film or plates used in large format cameras.. Photographic optics generally project a circular image behind that is only required to have acceptable correction of aberrations over the intended film/sensor diagonal with little room to spare.
35 mm equivalent focal lengths are calculated by multiplying the actual focal length of the lens by the crop factor of the sensor. Typical crop factors are 1.26× – 1.29× for Canon (1.35× for Sigma "H") APS-H format, 1.5× for Nikon APS-C ("DX") format (also used by Sony, Pentax, Fuji, Samsung and others), 1.6× for Canon APS-C format, 2× for Micro Four Thirds format, 2.7× for 1-inch ...
The most common large format is 4×5 inches (10.2x12.7 cm), which was the size used by cameras like the Graflex Speed Graphic and Crown Graphic, among others. Less common formats include quarter-plate (3.25x4.25 inches (8.3x10.8 cm)), 5×7 inches (12.7x17.8 cm), and 8×10 inches (20×25 cm); the size of many old 1920s Kodak cameras (various versions of Kodak 1, 2, and 3 and Master View cameras ...
The image sensor format of a digital camera determines the angle of view of a particular lens when used with a particular sensor. Because the image sensors in many digital cameras are smaller than the 24 mm × 36 mm image area of full-frame 35 mm cameras, a lens of a given focal length gives a narrower field of view in such cameras.
The f-number N is given by: = where f is the focal length, and D is the diameter of the entrance pupil (effective aperture).It is customary to write f-numbers preceded by "f /", which forms a mathematical expression of the entrance pupil's diameter in terms of f and N. [1]
All Nikon full-frame "FX" DSLRs have a DX-compatible mode that, by default when a DX-format lens is attached, crops the captured frames to the DX format and adjusts the viewfinder to reflect the smaller capture area. This can be overridden by the user if desired. There are basically three types of F mount Nikon lens: MF = Manual focus lenses
Rodenstock lenses for large-format cameras; L–R: Grandagon-N 115 mm f /6.8, Apo-Sironar-S 210 mm f /5.6, Grandagon-N 90 mm f /4.5 Rodenstock Photo Optics traces its origins to a mechanical workshop founded in 1877 by Josef Rodenstock and his brother Michael in Würzburg, Germany.
A USAF 1951 resolution chart in PDF format is provided by Yoshihiko Takinami. This chart should be printed such that the side of the square of the 1st element of the group -2 should be 10 mm long. USAF 1951 Resolution Target Further explanations and examples; Koren 2003: Norman Koren's updated resolution chart better suited for computer analysis