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On operating systems with a windowing system, such as macOS and desktop Linux distributions, some users may never use the shell directly. On Unix systems, the shell has historically been the implementation language of system startup scripts, including the program that starts a windowing system, configures networking, and many other essential ...
In computing, a shell is a computer program that exposes an operating system's services to a human user or other programs. In general, operating system shells use either a command-line interface (CLI) or graphical user interface (GUI), depending on a computer's role and particular operation. It is named a shell because it is the outermost layer ...
Some operating systems define an execute permission which can be granted to users/groups for a file when the file system itself supports it. On Unix systems, the execute permission controls access to invoking the file as a program, and applies both to executables and scripts.
In computing, Bash (short for "Bourne Again SHell,") [6] is an interactive command interpreter and command programming language developed for UNIX-like operating systems. [7] Created in 1989 [ 8 ] by Brian Fox for the GNU Project , it is supported by the Free Software Foundation and designed as a 100% free alternative for the Bourne shell ( sh ...
Tells how long the system has been running users: Prints the user names of users currently logged into the current host who: Prints a list of all users currently logged in whoami: Prints the effective userid: yes: Prints a string repeatedly [A synonym for test; this program permits expressions like [ expression].
Android is a partially open-source operating system closely based on Linux and has become the most widely used operating system by users, due to its popularity on smartphones and, to a lesser extent, embedded systems needing a GUI, such as "smart watches, automotive dashboards, airplane seatbacks, medical devices, and home appliances". [138]
The classic Mac OS [a] (System Software) is the series of operating systems developed for the Macintosh family of personal computers by Apple Inc. from 1984 to 2001, starting with System 1 and ending with Mac OS 9. The Macintosh operating system is credited with having popularized the graphical user interface concept. [32]
In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, job control refers to control of jobs by a shell, especially interactively, where a "job" is a shell's representation for a process group. Basic job control features are the suspending, resuming, or terminating of all processes in the job/process group; more advanced features can be performed by sending ...