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The long-term safety and effectiveness of modafinil have not been conclusively established. [99] The FDA does not endorse modafinil for children's medical conditions due to an increased risk of rare but serious dermatological toxicity, manifested as Stevens–Johnson syndrome which is a type of severe skin reaction.
Modafinil and enantiopure armodafinil [34] 1530 Pemoline [35] 1640 Phentermine [32] 1750 Pipradrol [36] ... This page was last edited on 6 May 2024, at 07:27 (UTC).
[171] [172] Unlike other stimulants, modafinil does not induce a subjective feeling of pleasure or reward, which is commonly associated with euphoria, an intense feeling of well-being. Euphoria is a potential indicator of drug abuse , which is the compulsive and excessive use of a substance despite adverse consequences.
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Modafinil appeared to be more potent than adrafinil in animal studies, and was selected for further clinical development, with both adrafinil and modafinil eventually reaching the market. [18] Modafinil was first approved in France in 1994, and then in the United States in 1998. [19] Lafon was acquired by Cephalon in 2001. [20]
[2] [8] Unlike modafinil, flmodafinil does not induce cytochrome P450 enzymes. [2] Chemically, flmodafinil is an enantiopure derivative of modafinil and is also known as bisfluoromodafinil (it is the (R)-bis(4-fluoro) phenyl ring-substituted derivative of modafinil). [2] [8] Flmodafinil was developed by NLS Pharma. [3]