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Caffeine causes the release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla. In small doses, caffeine can improve endurance. [22] It has also been shown to delay the onset of fatigue in exercise. The most probable mechanism for the delay of fatigue is through the obstruction of adenosine receptors in the central nervous system. [23]
[52] [97] Caffeine can have negative effects on anxiety disorders. [98] According to a 2011 literature review, caffeine use may induce anxiety and panic disorders in people with Parkinson's disease. [99] At high doses, typically greater than 300 mg, caffeine can both cause and worsen anxiety. [100]
Caffeine's widespread appeal is due primarily to its mild psychostimulant properties, which increase alertness and cognitive arousal and diminish fatigue. [10] Caffeine also produces a wide range of other symptoms, including upregulation of the cardiovascular system, increased global cognitive processing, and improved physical functioning.
For some, drinking a high-caffeine beverage might make them feel anxious, could make their heart race, cause gastrointestinal issues, or raise blood pressure, says Stephens. These are especially ...
You can even have caffeine withdrawal. Symptoms can be similar to those of withdrawal from other mood-altering substances, including headaches, fatigue or drowsiness, depressed mood, irritability ...
But there can be a definite downside to using caffeine. Too much of it can cause the following side effects, according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): insomnia. jitters.
In chronic psychiatric patients, caffeine, the major active ingredient in coffee, is associated with anxiety. [31] [32] At high doses, typically greater than 300 mg, caffeine can both cause and worsen anxiety. [33] For some people, discontinuing caffeine use can significantly reduce anxiety. [34]
Decades of research has already shown that caffeine, a psychostimulant, can help people feel more aroused and alert. Sight, smell or taste of coffee may help people feel alert.