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The mineral olivine (/ ˈ ɒ l. ɪ ˌ v iː n /) is a magnesium iron silicate with the chemical formula (Mg,Fe) 2 Si O 4.It is a type of nesosilicate or orthosilicate.The primary component of the Earth's upper mantle, [9] it is a common mineral in Earth's subsurface, but weathers quickly on the surface.
Kilbourne Hole and Hunt's Hole are found in the central part of the Potrillo volcanic field, which also contains the Afton-Aden basalt flows. The area is part of the Rio Grande rift, where the Earth's crust is being stretched and thinned.
The largest cut peridot olivine is a 310-carat (62-gram) specimen in the gem collection of the Smithsonian Museum in Washington, D.C. Inclusions are common in peridot crystals but their presence depends on the location where it was found and the geological conditions that led to its crystallization.
Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects is a series of books produced by the Royal Entomological Society (RES). The aim of the Handbooks is to provide illustrated identification keys to the insects of Britain, together with concise morphological, biological and distributional information.
Kimberlite: formed in volcanic pipes and at least 35% olivine [9] Kimberlite is a highly brecciated variant of peridotite formed in volcanic pipes and is known for being the host rock to diamonds. Unlike other forms of peridotite, kimberlite is quite rare. [10] Pyroxene peridotite: From 40% to 90% olivine and less than 5% hornblende
Serpentine minerals are often formed by the hydration of olivine-rich ultramafic rocks at relatively low temperatures (0 to ~600 °C). [15] The chemical reaction turns olivine into serpentine minerals. They may also have their origins in metamorphic alterations of peridotite and pyroxene.
Iddingsite is a rock that lacks a definite chemical composition, so exact compositions cannot be calculated. An approximated composition for a hypothetical end product of iddingsite has been calculated as being SiO 2 = 16%, Al 2 O 3 = 8%, Fe 2 O 3 = 62% and H 2 O = 14%.
Dunite may also form by the accumulation of olivine crystals on the floor of large basaltic or picritic magma chambers. These " cumulate " dunites typically occur in thick layers in layered intrusions , associated with cumulate layers of wehrlite , olivine pyroxenite , harzburgite , and even chromitite (a cumulate rock consisting largely of ...