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The continuum of conflict is defined by competition short of conflict, conflict itself, and the return to competition (see figure). This analytical thread can be traced a step further to an important conclusion: There is no such thing as peace. There is only competition and conflict.
A conflict continuum is a model or concept various social science researchers use when modeling conflict on a continuum from low to high-intensity, such as from aggression to irritation to explosiveness.
This competition continuum offers an alternative to the obsolete peace/war binary with a new model of cooperation, competition below armed conflict, and armed conflict.
Lencioni explains the conflict continuum in this video. On one end of the continuum is artificial harmony. On the other end is mean-spirited conflict fueled by personal attacks. There’s a sweet spot in the middle where healthy and beneficial conflict lives.
The full spectrum of conflict design allows for increased understanding of the linkages and relationships between direct and indirect means across the continuum of peace and war. This framework provides a fuller picture of multiple efforts oriented toward the same desired outcome.
Some amount of conflict is a normal and unavoidable aspect of human interaction. Being stuck in conflict with no way out is not healthy and warrants deeper problem-solving; You can think of conflict along a continuum from small, nonconfrontational behaviors to unproductive, dysfunctional conflict.
The Conflict Continuum is a model developed by University of Chicago educator and theorist Andra Medea that seeks to explain how individuals, small groups, organizations, families, ethnicities, and even whole nations function when disputes arise between them.
The four types of conflict are: goal conflict, cognitive conflict, affective conflict, and behavioral conflict. The conflict process consists of four stages: frustration, conceptualization, behaviour, and outcomes.
When one sets aside the poles of the conflict continuum—acquiescence through avoidance or overt submission on the one end, and victory through competitive or violent engagement on the other—it is difficult to imagine the resolution of a conflict without negotiations playing a noteworthy role.
Rather than perpetuate the binary peace/war distinction, this continuum of conflict depicts a range of different modes of conflict arrayed by increasing levels of violence, from measures short of armed conflict, to large-scale conventional wars, utilizing modality and scale of violence as distinguishing factors.