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  2. Multilateral treaty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilateral_treaty

    A bilateral treaty is a treaty between two states. A bilateral treaty may become a multilateral treaty when additional new parties succeed or accede to it. Pope Francis argues in his encyclical letter Fratelli tutti (2020) that "preference should be given to multilateral agreements between states, because, more than bilateral agreements, they guarantee the promotion of a truly universal common ...

  3. List of treaties by number of parties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_treaties_by_number...

    Due to these limitations, in 2021, the maximum number of state ratifications that a multilateral treaty can have is 198; this total consists of all 193 UN member states; both UN observer states, the Holy See (Vatican City) and the State of Palestine; as well as the Cook Islands, Niue, and Kosovo (member states of eight, five, and two UN specialized agencies respectively).

  4. Multilateral Agreement on Investment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilateral_Agreement_on...

    The Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI) was a draft agreement negotiated in secret between members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) between 1995 and 1998. [1][2] It sought to establish a new body of universal investment laws that would grant corporations unconditional rights to engage in financial ...

  5. Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilateral_Investment...

    Multilateral InvestmentGuarantee Agency. The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) is an international financial institution which offers political risk insurance and credit enhancement guarantees. These guarantees help investors protect foreign direct investments against political and non-commercial risks in developing countries. [2]

  6. Trade agreement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_agreement

    A trade agreement (also known as trade pact) is a wide-ranging taxes, tariff and trade treaty that often includes investment guarantees. It exists when two or more countries agree on terms that help them trade with each other. The most common trade agreements are of the preferential and free trade types, which are concluded in order to reduce ...

  7. Montreal Convention - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal_Convention

    Montreal Convention. The Montreal Convention (formally, the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air) is a multilateral treaty adopted by a diplomatic meeting of ICAO member states in 1999. It amended important provisions of the Warsaw Convention 's regime concerning compensation for the victims of air ...

  8. Chiang Mai Initiative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Mai_Initiative

    Chiang Mai Initiative. The Chiang Mai Initiative (CMI) is a multilateral currency swap arrangement among the ten members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the People's Republic of China (including Hong Kong), Japan, and South Korea. It draws from a foreign exchange reserves pool worth US$ 120 billion and was launched on 24 ...

  9. Bilateral treaty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilateral_treaty

    Bilateral treaty. A bilateral treaty (also called a bipartite treaty) is a treaty strictly between two state entities. It is an agreement made by negotiations between two parties, established in writing and signed by representatives of the parties. Treaties can span in substance and complexity, regarding a wide variety of matters, such as ...