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Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to ancient Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry, Elements. Euclid's approach consists in assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms (postulates) and deducing many other propositions (theorems) from these. Although many of Euclid's results had ...
For a given volume, the right circular cylinder with the smallest surface area has h = 2r. Equivalently, for a given surface area, the right circular cylinder with the largest volume has h = 2r, that is, the cylinder fits snugly in a cube of side length = altitude ( = diameter of base circle). [8]
The ratio of the volume of a sphere to the volume of its circumscribed cylinder is 2:3, as was determined by Archimedes. The principal formulae derived in On the Sphere and Cylinder are those mentioned above: the surface area of the sphere, the volume of the contained ball, and surface area and volume of the cylinder.
In this two-volume treatise addressed to Dositheus, Archimedes obtains the result of which he was most proud, namely the relationship between a sphere and a circumscribed cylinder of the same height and diameter. The volume is 4 / 3 π r 3 for the sphere, and 2 π r 3 for the cylinder.
Within the cylinder is the cone whose apex is at the center of one base of the cylinder and whose base is the other base of the cylinder. By the Pythagorean theorem , the plane located y {\displaystyle y} units above the "equator" intersects the sphere in a circle of radius r 2 − y 2 {\textstyle {\sqrt {r^{2}-y^{2}}}} and area π ( r 2 − y ...
Because the volume occupies three dimensions, if the metre (m) is chosen as a unit of length, the corresponding unit of volume is the cubic metre (m 3). The cubic metre is also a SI derived unit. [16] Therefore, volume has a unit dimension of L 3. [17] The metric units of volume uses metric prefixes, strictly in powers of ten. When applying ...
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Cylindrical coordinate system. A cylindrical coordinate system with origin O, polar axis A, and longitudinal axis L. The dot is the point with radial distance ρ = 4, angular coordinate φ = 130°, and height z = 4. A cylindrical coordinate system is a three-dimensional coordinate system that specifies point positions by the distance from a ...