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A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. [1] A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning.
Systems theory is the transdisciplinary [1] study of systems, i.e. cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or artificial.Every system has causal boundaries, is influenced by its context, defined by its structure, function and role, and expressed through its relations with other systems.
A work system is a system in which humans or machines perform processes and activities using resources to produce specific products or services for customers. An information system is a work system in which activities are devoted to capturing, transmitting, storing, retrieving, manipulating and displaying information.
Example of a high-level systems architecture for a computer. A system architecture is the conceptual model that defines the structure, behavior, and views of a system. [1] An architecture description is a formal description and representation of a system, organized in a way that supports reasoning about the structures and behaviors of the system.
The term system is polysemic: Robert Hooke (1674) used it in multiple senses, in his System of the World, [7]: p.24 but also in the sense of the Ptolemaic system versus the Copernican system [8]: 450 of the relation of the planets to the fixed stars [9] which are cataloged in Hipparchus' and Ptolemy's Star catalog. [10]
QFD house of quality for enterprise product development processes. The term systems engineering can be traced back to Bell Telephone Laboratories in the 1940s. [1] The need to identify and manipulate the properties of a system as a whole, which in complex engineering projects may greatly differ from the sum of the parts' properties, motivated various industries, especially those developing ...
Use cases are widely used system analysis modeling tools for identifying and expressing the functional requirements of a system. Each use case is a business scenario or event for which the system must provide a defined response. Use cases evolved from the object-oriented analysis.
An open system is also known as a flow system. The concept of an open system was formalized within a framework that enabled one to interrelate the theory of the organism, thermodynamics, and evolutionary theory. [1] This concept was expanded upon with the advent of information theory and subsequently systems theory. Today the concept has its ...