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The wildlife of Sri Lanka includes its flora and fauna and their natural habitats. Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of biological endemism (16% of the fauna and 23% of flowering plants are endemic [ 1 ] ).
Sri Lankan freshwater habitats can be divided into 6 major types - river, stream, lake, pond, villu and paddy field - according to size, depth, rate of flow and type of bottom. Medium-sized rivers are called Oya and fast flowing streams torrential streams are called Dola in Sinhalese. The following list provide the freshwater fauna of Sri Lanka.
"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Sri Lanka". IUCN. 2001 dead link ] "Mammal Species of the World". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. 2005. Archived from the original on 27 April 2007 "Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995–2006
Being an island Sri Lanka lacks land area to supports large animals. [3] However fossil evidence of large archaic species of rhinoceroses, hippopotamuses, and lions have been discovered. The flora and fauna of Sri Lanka is mostly understudied. [4] Therefore, the number of endemics could be underestimated.
In January 2019, the new species, P. conniffae was discovered in southern Sri Lanka. [10] Sri Lanka has the highest percentage of extinct and threatened amphibian species in Asia. [2] In the 20th century the country has lost 20% of its amphibians and more than half of the remaining species are on the verge of extinction.
Print/export Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikimedia Commons; ... Individual animals in Sri Lanka (2 C) Invertebrates of Sri Lanka (1 C, 19 P) V.
This is a list of reptiles of Sri Lanka. The reptilian diversity in Sri Lanka is higher than the diversity of other vertebrates such as mammals and fish with 181 reptile species. All extant reptiles are well documented through research by many local and foreign scientists and naturalists.
The Loris, found only in Sri Lanka and South India, is related to the Lemurs of Madagascar. The connection to India led to a commonality of species, e.g. freshwater fish, the now extinct Sri Lankan Gaur (Bibos sinhaleyus) and the Sri Lankan Lion (Panthera leo sinhaleyus). [5] The island was connected, off and on at least 17 times in the past ...