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Schizophreniform disorder is a type of mental illness that is characterized by psychosis and closely related to schizophrenia.Both schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR), have the same symptoms and essential features except for two differences: the level of functional impairment and the duration of symptoms.
Brief psychotic disorder—according to the classifications of mental disorders DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5—is a psychotic condition involving the sudden onset of at least one psychotic symptom (such as disorganized thought/speech, delusions, hallucinations, or grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior) lasting 1 day to 1 month, often accompanied by emotional turmoil.
[176]: 858 Psychotic symptoms lasting less than a month may be diagnosed as brief psychotic disorder, or as schizophreniform disorder. Psychosis is noted in Other specified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders as a DSM-5 category.
If signs of disturbance are present for more than a month but less than six months, the diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder is applied. [36] Psychotic symptoms lasting less than a month may be diagnosed as brief psychotic disorder, and various conditions may be classed as psychotic disorder not otherwise specified.
The schizophrenia spectrum or psychotic spectrum [19] [20] [21] – there are numerous psychotic spectrum disorders already in the DSM, many involving reality distortion. [22] These include: Five subtypes of schizophrenia (although eliminated in DSM-5) Two forms of shorter duration (schizophreniform disorder and brief psychotic disorder)
A 2024 study found that psychedelic use may potentially reduce, or have no effect on, psychotic symptoms in individuals with a personal or family history of psychotic disorders. [75] A 2023 study found an interaction between lifetime psychedelic use and family history of psychosis or bipolar disorder on psychotic symptoms over the past two weeks.
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