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In international relations, the concept of balancing derives from the balance of power theory, the most influential theory from the realist school of thought, which assumes that a formation of hegemony in a multistate system is unattainable since hegemony is perceived as a threat by other states, causing them to engage in balancing against a potential hegemon.
The predominance of the balance of power in the practice of statesmen for three centuries … should not obscure the fact that throughout world history periods dominated by the balance-of-power policies have not been the rule. The balance of power scarcely existed anywhere as a conscious principle of international politics before 1500… [37]
Hegemonic stability theory (HST) is a theory of international relations, rooted in research from the fields of political science, economics, and history.HST indicates that the international system is more likely to remain stable when a single state is the dominant world power, or hegemon. [1]
In the historical writing of the 19th century, the denotation of hegemony extended to describe the predominance of one country upon other countries; and, by extension, hegemonism denoted the Great Power politics (c. 1880s – 1914) for establishing hegemony (indirect imperial rule), that then leads to a definition of imperialism (direct foreign ...
William Wohlforth argues that unipolarity is durable and peaceful because it reduces the likelihood of hegemonic rivalry (because no state is powerful enough to challenge the unipole) and it reduces the salience and stakes of balance of power politics among the major states, thus reducing the likelihood that attempts at balances of power cause ...
Defensive neorealists identify a number of problems regarding offensive neorealism's support of aggressive expansion of power. Building on Waltz's balance of power theory and the assumption that "balancing is more common than bandwagoning", [1] defensive neorealists assert that states which strive to attain hegemony in the international system ...
The balance of power in the 118th Congress. Olivia Munson, USA TODAY. Updated November 5, 2024 at 7:32 PM. The 2024 election is today, and the results will usher in the 119th Congress.
Balanced multipolarity in which there is no potential hegemon has a less-asymmetrical distribution of power and so is less feared. The fear is the least in bipolarity in which there is usually a rough balance of power between the two major states. However, the bargaining model of war [13] disputes that claim on the grounds that war is costly.