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The nuts of Carya washingtonensis are globose in shape, with a smooth to slightly wrinkled surface. They show four faintly developed angles at the apex. The nuts range in size but are all within 18–20 millimetres (0.71–0.79 in) in length and 14–19 millimetres (0.55–0.75 in) in width.
Sapling size trees average 2 mm (3 ⁄ 32 in) per year in diameter growth, increasing to 3 mm (1 ⁄ 8 in) per year as poles and sawtimber. Second-growth trees show growth rates of 5 mm (3 ⁄ 16 in) per year. Shellbark hickory occasionally grows to a height of 40 m (130 ft) and a diameter of 100 centimetres (39 in).
Carya ovata var. ovata (northern shagbark hickory) has its largest leaflets over 20 cm (8 in) long and nuts 3–4 cm (1 + 1 ⁄ 8 – 1 + 5 ⁄ 8 in) long. Carya ovata var. australis (southern shagbark hickory or Carolina hickory) has its largest leaflets under 20 cm (8 in) long and nuts 2–3 cm (3 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 8 in) long.
Carya glabra, the pignut hickory, is a common, but not abundant species of hickory in the oak-hickory forest association in the Eastern United States and Canada. Other common names are pignut , sweet pignut , coast pignut hickory , smoothbark hickory , swamp hickory , and broom hickory .
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Dried hickory nuts are 3% water, 18% carbohydrates, 13% protein, and 64% fats. In a 100 gram (3.5 oz) reference amount, dried hickory nuts supply 657 calories, and are a rich source (20% or more of the Daily Value, DV) of several B vitamins and dietary minerals, especially manganese at 220% DV.
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The nuts of the scrub hickory are oblong-oval shaped. The nut is thick shelled and hard to crack. Only one nut per flower cluster matures. The meat of the nut is sweet and high in nutritional value, more so than the other Carya and Quercus species it co-occurs with. The scrub hickory can hybridize with the Pignut hickory (Carya glabra). [4]