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Murine typhus, also known as endemic typhus or flea-borne typhus, is a form of typhus transmitted by fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis), usually on rats, in contrast to epidemic typhus which is usually transmitted by lice. [1] [2] [3] Murine typhus is an under-recognized entity, as it is often confused with viral illnesses. Most people who are infected ...
The diseases are caused by specific types of bacterial infection. [1] Epidemic typhus is caused by Rickettsia prowazekii spread by body lice, scrub typhus is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi spread by chiggers, and murine typhus is caused by Rickettsia typhi spread by fleas. [1] Vaccines have been developed, but none are commercially available.
Fleas can spread other diseases too. Other flea-borne bacterial diseases may cause fever, body aches, nausea/vomiting, cough, rash, swollen lymph nodes, skin lesions/rashes, and/or other symptoms. ...
Dipylidium life cycle. Dipylidium caninum, also called the flea tapeworm, double-pored tapeworm, or cucumber tapeworm (in reference to the shape of its cucumber-seed-like proglottids, though these also resemble grains of rice or sesame seeds) is a cyclophyllid cestode that infects organisms afflicted with fleas and canine chewing lice, including dogs, cats, and sometimes human pet-owners ...
A flea's mouth has two functions: one for squirting saliva or partly digested blood into the bite, and one for sucking up blood from the host. This process mechanically transmits pathogens that may cause diseases it might carry. Fleas smell exhaled carbon dioxide from humans and animals and jump rapidly to the source to feed on the newly found ...
The most common way the disease is spread is via arthropod vectors. Ticks involved include Amblyomma , Dermacentor , Haemaphysalis , and Ixodes . [ 18 ] Rodents , rabbits, and hares often serve as reservoir hosts , [ 19 ] but waterborne infection accounts for 5–10% of all tularemia in the United States, [ 20 ] including from aquatic animals ...
Northern rat fleas are external parasites, living by hematophagy off the blood of rodents. N. fasciatus can bite humans, but they are more common parasites of rodents. [1] Since they are associated with humans, they are common disease vectors that can spread from animals to humans. Diseases that can be spread through fleas include the plague ...
The CDC explains that fleas feed on human or animal blood — they're tiny insects that can cause big-time irritation, ... Chagas disease (Fever, headache, lymphadenopathy, muscle pain, shortness ...