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In cosmology, the missing baryon problem is an observed discrepancy between the amount of baryonic matter detected from shortly after the Big Bang and from more recent epochs. Observations of the cosmic microwave background and Big Bang nucleosynthesis studies have set constraints on the abundance of baryons in the early universe, finding that ...
The cosmic neutrino background (CNB or C ν B [a]) is the universe's background particle radiation composed of neutrinos.They are sometimes known as relic neutrinos.. The C ν B is a relic of the Big Bang; while the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) dates from when the universe was 379,000 years old, the C ν B decoupled (separated) from matter when the universe was just one second old.
Vera Florence Cooper Rubin (/ ˈ r uː b ɪ n /; July 23, 1928 – December 25, 2016) was an American astronomer who pioneered work on galaxy rotation rates. [1] [2] She uncovered the discrepancy between the predicted and observed angular motion of galaxies by studying galactic rotation curves.
Neutrino decoupling. In Big Bang cosmology, neutrino decoupling was the epoch at which neutrinos ceased interacting with other types of matter, [1] and thereby ceased influencing the dynamics of the universe at early times. [2] Prior to decoupling, neutrinos were in thermal equilibrium with protons, neutrons and electrons, which was maintained ...
The Big Bang is a physical theory that describes how the universe expanded from an initial state of high density and temperature. [1] The notion of an expanding universe was first scientifically originated by physicist Alexander Friedmann in 1922 with the mathematical derivation of the Friedmann equations. [2][3][4][5]
Astronomy portal. v. t. e. The Lambda-CDM, Lambda cold dark matter, or ΛCDM model is a mathematical model of the Big Bang theory with three major components: a cosmological constant, denoted by lambda (Λ), associated with dark energy. the postulated cold dark matter, denoted by CDM. ordinary matter. It is referred to as the standard model of ...
Leonard Leakey Hofstadter, [2][3] Ph.D., is a fictional character portrayed by Johnny Galecki and one of the main protagonists in the CBS sitcom, The Big Bang Theory. Leonard is an experimental physicist who shares an apartment with his colleague and best friend, Dr. Sheldon Cooper. For his portrayal, Galecki was nominated for a Primetime Emmy ...
t. e. In physical cosmology, the Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper, or αβγ paper, was created by Ralph Alpher, then a physics PhD student, his advisor George Gamow, and Hans Bethe. The work, which would become the subject of Alpher's PhD dissertation, argued that the Big Bang would create hydrogen, helium and heavier elements in the correct ...