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Ameloblastoma is a rare, benign or cancerous tumor of odontogenic epithelium (ameloblasts, or outside portion, of the teeth during development) much more commonly appearing in the lower jaw than the upper jaw. [1] It was recognized in 1827 by Cusack. [2]
Human Tooth Diagram. Cementoma is an odontogenic tumor of cementum.It is usually observed as a benign spherical mass of hard tissue fused to the root of a tooth. [1] It is found most commonly in the mandible in the region of the lower molar teeth, occurring between the ages of 8 and 30 in both sexes with equal frequency . [1]
A cyst may become acutely infected, and discharge into the oral cavity via a sinus. Adjacent teeth may be loosened, tilted or even moved bodily. [6] Rarely, roots of teeth are resorbed, depending upon the type of cyst. The inferior alveolar nerve runs through the mandible and supplies sensation to the lower lip and chin.
As with normal tooth development, odontomas stop growing once mature which makes them benign. [6] The average age of people found with an odontoma is 14. [7] The condition is frequently associated with one or more unerupted teeth and is often detected through failure of teeth to erupt at the expected time. Though most cases are found impacted ...
[1] [2] Resorption of tooth roots is seen in 37% of cases compared to displacement of teeth in 50%. [1] Two-thirds of lesions are found anterior to molars in the mandible, where teeth have deciduous predecessors. [2] CGCGs are twice as likely to affect females and usually seen in those under 30-years. However, can be seen in a broad age range. [2]
This epulis contains giant cells and is usually found on the gum margin between teeth which are anterior to the permanent molars. [13]: 317 The development of a giant cell epulis may be related to the recent loss of baby teeth, extraction or trauma. [13]: 319 The swelling is round, soft and commonly maroon or purplish in colour.
Patients afflicted with an odontogenic myxoma generally notice a painless, slowly enlarging expansion of the jaw with possible tooth loosening or displacement. [3] As the tumor expands, it frequently infiltrates adjacent structures. Maxillary lesions frequently enter the sinuses while mandibular tumors often extend into the ramus. [1]
Calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) is a rare developmental lesion that comes from odontogenic epithelium. [2] It is also known as a calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor, which is a proliferation of odontogenic epithelium and scattered nest of ghost cells and calcifications that may form the lining of a cyst, or present as a solid mass.