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A sound with a loudness of 1 sone is judged equally loud as a 1 kHz tone with a sound pressure level of 40 decibels above 20 micropascals. [1] The phon is psychophysically matched to a reference frequency of 1 kHz. [2] In other words, the phon matches the sound pressure level in decibels of a similarly perceived 1 kHz pure tone. [3]
According to Stevens' definition, a loudness of 1 sone is equivalent to 40 phons (a 1 kHz tone at 40 dB SPL). [1] The phons scale aligns with dB, not with loudness, so the sone and phon scales are not proportional. Rather, the loudness in sones is, at least very nearly, a power law function of the signal intensity, with an exponent of 0.3.
Map of the Nativity narrative according to Luke: Map of the Nativity narrative according to Matthew: 1. Annunciation to Mary in Nazareth 1. Annunciation to Joseph: 2. Census of Quirinius (6–7 CE) – 3. Joseph and Mary travel from Nazareth to Bethlehem – 4. Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2. Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 5.
The decibel originates from methods used to quantify signal loss in telegraph and telephone circuits. Until the mid-1920s, the unit for loss was miles of standard cable (MSC). 1 MSC corresponded to the loss of power over one mile (approximately 1.6 km) of standard telephone cable at a frequency of 5000 radians per second (795.8 Hz), and matched closely the smallest attenuation detectable to a ...
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The reference point between this scale and normal frequency measurement is defined by assigning a perceptual pitch of 1000 mels to a 1000 Hz tone, 40 dB above the listener's threshold. Above about 500 Hz, increasingly large intervals are judged by listeners to produce equal pitch increments.
Sound exposure level (SEL) is a logarithmic measure of the sound exposure of a sound relative to a reference value. Sound exposure level, denoted L E and measured in dB , is defined by [ 1 ]
The level of the stimulus is automatically varied at a fixed rate. The subject is asked to press a button when the stimulus is detectable. Once the button is pressed, the level is automatically decreased by the motor-driven attenuator and increased when the button is not pushed. The threshold is thus tracked by the listeners, and calculated as ...