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Interneurons (also called internuncial neurons, association neurons, connector neurons, or intermediate neurons) are neurons that are not specifically motor neurons or sensory neurons. Interneurons are the central nodes of neural circuits , enabling communication between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system (CNS). [ 2 ]
Interneurons also known as association neurons are present throughout the central nervous system forming links between the sensory and motor fibres. [5] Thus the somatic nervous system consists of two parts: Spinal nerves: They are mixed nerves that carry sensory information into and motor commands out of the spinal cord. [6]
A multipolar neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites (and dendritic branches), allowing for the integration of a great deal of information from other neurons.
An example of tangential migration is the movement of interneurons from the ganglionic eminence to the cerebral cortex. One example of ongoing tangential migration in a mature organism, observed in some animals, is the rostral migratory stream connecting subventricular zone and olfactory bulb .
Renshaw cells are inhibitory interneurons found in the gray matter of the spinal cord, and are associated in two ways with an alpha motor neuron.. They receive an excitatory collateral from the alpha neuron's axon as they emerge from the motor root, and are thus "kept informed" of how vigorously that neuron is firing.
The central pattern generators are made up of different groups of spinal interneurons. [7] There are four principal types of neural circuits that are responsible for a broad scope of neural functions. These circuits are a diverging circuit, a converging circuit, a reverberating circuit, and a parallel after-discharge circuit. [8]
“There’s a rebound effect, and those emotions return,” says Dawn Sugarman, PhD, a research psychologist at the Alcohol, Drugs, and Addiction Clinical and Health Services Research Program at ...
One target is a set of spinal interneurons that project to motor neurons controlling the arm muscles. The interneurons excite the motor neurons, and if the excitation is strong enough, some of the motor neurons generate action potentials, which travel down their axons to the point where they make excitatory synaptic contacts with muscle cells.