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This ear of corn has been infected with Mycosarcoma maydis. The fungus infects all parts of the host plant by invading the ovaries of its host. The infection causes the corn kernels to swell up into tumor-like galls, wherein the tissues, texture, and developmental pattern are mushroom-like. The galls grow to 4 to 5 inches in diameter.
If infection of the shank occurs early enough the ear may be killed prematurely which causes the ear to drop. SCLB affected kernels will be covered in a felty, black mold, which may cause cob rot. [1] Ear rot is more extensive with Race T on T-cms corn. [8] Seedlings that become infected may wilt and die within a view weeks of the planting date ...
Symptoms of the fungus are expressed on both the tassels of corn and sorghum as well as on the actual ear in the form of large smut galls. [4] When the sorghum tassel is infected, the fragile gall membrane will have a range from just a few black spores to a large mass of black spores covering the tassel. [4]
Rust, common corn Puccinia sorghi: Rust, southern corn Puccinia polysora: Rust, tropical corn Physopella pallescens. Physopella zeae = Angiopsora zeae. Sclerotium ear rot Southern blight Athelia rolfsii: Seed rot-seedling blight Athelia rolfsii. Bipolaris sorokiniana Bipolaris zeicola = Helminthosporium carbonum Diplodia maydis Exserohilum ...
In temperate regions, the fungus overwinters mycelia, conidia, and chlamydospores in the infected corn debris. [2] When conditions become favorable the following season, conidia are produced from the debris and dispersed by rain or wind to infect new, healthy corn plants. [5] Once on a leaf, conidia will germinate and directly infect the plant.
For the sugarcane crop to be infected by the disease, large spore concentrations are needed. The fungus includes a structure known as a 'smut-whip', a curved black structure which emerges from the leaf whorl, which helps to spread the disease to the other plants, usually over a period of about three months.
If the corn plant becomes infected soon after flowering, the husks appear bleached to straw color. Mycelial growth on corn ears typically begin at the base of the ear. In advanced stages of disease, this can result in a light-weight mummified ears attributed to the release of extracellular hydrolytic activities of acid protease, xylanases , and ...
The fungus forms after the seeds have set but while they are still green and it is potentiated by high humidity. Infected areas are brown to black in color, and as the disease spreads the kernels may become shriveled. Occasionally the infected areas have a reddish tinge. [3] Some authorities [3] make a