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The color is caused by the size and dispersion of gold particles. Ruby gold glass is usually made of lead glass with added tin. Silver compounds such as silver nitrate and silver halides can produce a range of colors from orange-red to yellow. The way the glass is heated and cooled can significantly affect the colors produced by these compounds.
Colloidal gold is a sol or colloidal suspension of nanoparticles of gold in a fluid, usually water. [1] The colloid is coloured usually either wine red (for spherical particles less than 100 nm) or blue-purple (for larger spherical particles or nanorods). [2]
The term "Janus Particle" was coined by author Leonard Wibberley in his 1962 novel The Mouse on the Moon as a science-fictional device for space travel.. The term was first used in a real-world scientific context by C. Casagrande et al. in 1988 [8] to describe spherical glass particles with one of the hemispheres hydrophilic and the other hydrophobic.
Glass-filled polymer (or glass-filled plastic), is a mouldable composite material. It comprises short glass fibers in a matrix of a polymer material. It is used to manufacture a wide range of structural components by injection or compression moulding. [1] It is an ideal glass alternative that offers flexibility in the part, chemical resistance ...
When added to a bulk material, nanoparticles can strongly influence the mechanical properties of the material, such as the stiffness or elasticity. For example, traditional polymers can be reinforced by nanoparticles (such as carbon nanotubes ) resulting in novel materials which can be used as lightweight replacements for metals.
The reinforcing material can be made up of particles (e.g. minerals), sheets (e.g. exfoliated clay stacks) or fibres (e.g. carbon nanotubes or electrospun fibres). [5] The area of the interface between the matrix and reinforcement phase(s) is typically an order of magnitude greater than for conventional composite materials.
A nanoshell, or rather a nanoshell plasmon, is a type of spherical nanoparticle consisting of a dielectric core which is covered by a thin metallic shell (usually gold). [1] These nanoshells involve a quasiparticle called a plasmon which is a collective excitation or quantum plasma oscillation where the electrons simultaneously oscillate with ...
Microspheres can be made from various natural and synthetic materials. Glass microspheres, polymer microspheres, metal microspheres, and ceramic microspheres are commercially available. [ 8 ] Solid and hollow microspheres vary widely in density and, therefore, are used for different applications.