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A manuscript page from Timbuktu showing a table of astronomical information. Timbuktu Manuscripts, or Tombouctou Manuscripts, is a blanket term for the large number of historically significant manuscripts that have been preserved for centuries in private households in Timbuktu, a city in northern Mali.
These manuscripts, known as the Timbuktu Manuscripts, date from the 12th to early 20th centuries, and cover a wide range of subjects including history, philosophy and religion, science, medicine, and poetry, written in various languages. [7] Haidara began cataloging the library with support from the al-Furqan Heritage Foundation in London. [1]
Timbuktu was a world centre of Islamic learning from the 13th to the 17th century, especially under the Mali Empire and Askia Mohammad I's rule. The Malian government and NGOs have been working to catalogue and restore the remnants of this scholarly legacy: Timbuktu's manuscripts. [86]
The centre holds approximately 20,000 manuscripts covering Mali's history, including the Tarikh al-Sudan.The majority of the manuscripts are from the 14th to 16th centuries, and most are written in Arabic but others are in local languages, such as Songhai, Tamashek and Bamanankan, or even in more distant ones, one each in Turkish and Hebrew, with topics covering medicine, astronomy, poetry ...
Despite its illustrious history, as of 2009 Timbuktu was an impoverished town, poor even by Third World standards. [ 75 ] [ 76 ] The population grew an average 5.7% per year from 29,732 in 1998 to 54,453 in 2009. [ 77 ]
[10] Additionally, West African manuscripts contain a history of the populations of the Timbuktu region, Tārīkh Iwellemedan, and the Risāla fī ẓuhūr al-khalīfa al-thānī ‘ashar, which was composed by Nūḥ b. al-Ṭāhir al-Fulānī (d. 1860) as a "propaganda pamphlet" on behalf of the leader of the Fulani Empire of Masina, Aḥmad b.
Sudan Memory was initially established after ISIS destroyed rare libraries and museums in Timbuktu in 2012. “The Sudanese got really worried that the same sort of thing could happen in Sudan ...
Timbuktu is a repository of history, a living archive which anybody with a concern for African history should be acquainted with. Timbuktu may be hard to get to but it played an essential role as a centre of scholarship under the Songhay state until the invasion from the rulers of Marrakesh in 1591, and even thereafter it was revived. [9]