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To make matters worse, unsticking the gum is a challenge because the long polymers of the gum base stretch, rather than break. The sticky characteristic of gum may be problematic during processing if the gum sticks to any machinery or packaging materials during processing, impeding the flow of product.
Another way to categorize the various components of gum bases is by their utility in the base. Elastomers: provide the elasticity or bounce, and can be natural latexes (e.g. couma macrocarpa (also called leche caspi or sorva), loquat (also called nispero), tunu, jelutong, or chicle (which is still commercially produced), or synthetic rubbers (e.g. styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber ...
Humans have used natural gums for various purposes, including chewing and the manufacturing of a wide range of products – such as varnish and lacquerware.Before the invention of synthetic equivalents, trade in gum formed part of the economy in places such as the Arabian peninsula (whence the name "gum arabic"), West Africa, [3] East Africa and northern New Zealand ().
A teaspoon of xanthan gum weighs about 2.5 grams and brings one cup (250 ml) of water to a 1% concentration. [6] [14] To make a foam, 0.2–0.8% xanthan gum is typically used. Larger amounts result in larger bubbles and denser foam. Egg white powder (0.2–2.0%) with 0.1–0.4% xanthan gum yields bubbles similar to soap bubbles.
American sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), also known as American storax, [3] hazel pine, [4] bilsted, [5] redgum, [3] satin-walnut, [3] star-leaved gum, [5] alligatorwood, [3] gumball tree, [6] or simply sweetgum, [3] [7] is a deciduous tree in the genus Liquidambar native to warm temperate areas of eastern North America and tropical montane regions of Mexico and Central America.
Chicle (/ ˈ tʃ ɪ k əl /) is a natural gum traditionally used in making chewing gum and other products. [1] It is collected from several species of Mesoamerican trees in the genus Manilkara, including M. zapota, M. chicle, M. staminodella, and M. bidentata. [2] [3]
Guar gum can be used for thickening cold and hot liquids, to make hot gels, light foams and as an emulsion stabilizer. Guar gum can be used for cottage cheeses, curds, yoghurt, sauces, soups and frozen desserts. Guar gum is also a good source of fiber, with 80% soluble dietary fiber on a dry weight basis. [9]
Acacia gum, pieces and powder Acacia senegal, pictured in the medicinal handbook Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen (1887) by Franz Eugen Köhler. Gum arabic (gum acacia, gum sudani, Senegal gum and by other names [a]) (Arabic: صمغ عربي) is a tree gum exuded by two species of Acacia sensu lato, Senegalia senegal [2] and Vachellia seyal.